Arduino is a controller that is used in electrical circuits to process data. It can often be found in smart home systems. There are many modifications of this element, which differ in conductivity, voltage and maximum overload. It is also worth noting that the models are produced with various components. If necessary, the device can be assembled independently. However, for this it is worth familiarizing yourself with the modification scheme.
How does the Arduino controller work?
The regular model includes a transistor that is powered by an adapter, as well as a chain of transceivers. There is a relay to maintain a stable current. Contactors for controllers are used in different directions. The rectifier blocks of the controllers are installed with plates. Capacitors in many models are available with low-pass filters.
Build Arduino UNO
If necessary, you can make an Arduino UNO controller with your own hands. For this purpose, two transceivers and one lining are used. Capacitors are allowed to be used with conductivity from50 mk. The operating frequency of the elements is at the level of 300 Hz. A regulator is used to set the transistor. Filters can be soldered at the beginning of the circuit. Quite often they are installed transitional type. In this case, transceivers are allowed to use the expansion type.
Build Arduino UNO R3
Assembling the Arduino UNO R3 with your own hands is quite simple. For this purpose, it will be necessary to prepare a transition type transceiver that operates from an adapter. The stabilizer is allowed to be used with a conductivity of 40 microns. The operating frequency of the controller will be about 400 Hz. Experts advise not to use conductive transistors, since they are not able to work with wave interference. Many models are made with self-regulating transceivers. Their connectors are connected with a conductivity of 340 microns. The rated voltage of the controllers of this series is at least 200 V.
Assembling the Arduino Mega modification
You can make an Arduino Mega with your own hands only on the basis of a collector transceiver. Contactors are often installed with adapters, and their sensitivity is at least 2 mV. Some experts recommend the use of inverting filters, but we must remember that they cannot work at a lower frequency. Transistors are used only conductor type. The rectifier unit is installed last. If there are problems with conductivity, experts recommend checking the rated voltage of the device and installing capacitance capacitors.
How to build an Arduino Shield?
CollectDIY Arduino Shield controller is quite simple. For this purpose, the transceiver can be prepared for two adapters. The transistor is allowed to be used with a lining and a conductivity of 40 microns. The operating frequency of the controller of this series is at least 500 Hz. The element is operated at a voltage of 200 V. The regulator for modification will be required on the triode. The converter must be installed so that the transceiver does not burn out. Filters are often of the variable type.
Build Arduino Nano
Do-it-yourself Arduino Nano controller is made with two transceivers. For assembly, a pole-type stabilizer is used. In total, two small capacitors are required. The transistor is installed with a filter. The triode in this case must operate at a frequency of at least 400 Hz. The rated voltage of the controllers of this series is 200 V. If we talk about other indicators, it is worth noting that the sensitivity is at least 3 mV. Relay for assembly will be required with a strainer.
Assembly of SMD transistors
To make a do-it-yourself (Arduino) smart home with an SMD transistor, you only need one transceiver. To maintain a stable frequency, two capacitors are installed. Their capacitance must be at least 5 pF. To install the thyristor, a conventional wire adapter is used. Stabilizers at the beginning of the circuit are installed on a diode basis. The conductivity of the elements must be at least 55 microns. You should also pay attention to the insulation of capacitors. To reduce the number of system failuresit is recommended to use only transducer comparators with low sensitivity. It is also worth noting that there are wave analogues. Their sensitivity index is 200 mV. Regulators only fit duplex type.
DA1 based model
The transistors of this series have excellent conductivity and are able to work with output converters of different frequencies. The user is capable of making a modification with his own hands on the basis of a conductor transceiver. Its contacts are connected directly through the capacitor unit. It is also worth noting that the regulator is installed behind the transceiver.
When assembling the controller, it is recommended to use capacitive triodes with low thermal losses. They have high sensitivity, and conductivity is at the level of 55 microns. If you use a simple transition type stabilizer, then the filter is applied with a lining. Experts say that tetrodes are allowed to be installed with a comparator. However, it is worth considering all the risks of failures in the operation of the capacitor unit.
Assembly on transistor DD1
Transistors DD1 provide high speed response with little heat loss. To assemble an Arduino controller with your own hands, it is recommended to prepare a transceiver. It is more expedient to use a linear analog, which has a high conductivity. It should also be noted that the market is full of single-pole modifications, and their sensitivity index is at the level of 60 mV. For qualitycontroller is clearly not enough.
The regulator is standard installed duplex type. The triode for the model is selected on a diode basis. The comparator itself is installed at the beginning of the circuit. It must work with a resistance of at least 50 ohms. In this case, the rated voltage must be about 230 V.
DD2 based model
Transistors DD2 are operated with a conductivity of 300 microns. They have high sensitivity, but they can only operate at high frequencies. For this purpose, an expansion transceiver is installed on the controller. Next, to make an Arduino with your own hands, a wire switch is taken. The output contacts of the element are connected to the relay. The resistance of the switch must be at least 55 ohms.
Additionally, it is worth checking the resistance on the capacitor unit. If this parameter exceeds 30 ohms, then the filter is used with a triode. The thyristor is installed with one stabilizer. In some cases, rectifiers are soldered behind the transistors. These elements not only maintain frequency stability, but also partially solve the problem of conductivity.
Assembly on transistor L7805
Assembling an Arduino controller with your own hands (based on the L7805 transistor) is quite simple. The transceiver for the model will be required with a mesh filter. The conductivity of the element must be at least 40 microns. Additionally, it is worth noting that capacitors are allowed to use a binary type. Experts say thatthe rated voltage should not be higher than 200 V. The sensitivity depends on many factors. The comparator is most often installed on the controller with a linear adapter. At the output, a diode-based triode is soldered. A one-pass filter is used to stabilize the conversion process.
FT232RL based model
To properly make an Arduino controller with your own hands, it is recommended to choose a high-voltage transceiver. The conductivity of the element must be at least 400 microns with a sensitivity of 50 mV. Contactors in this case are installed at the output of the circuit. The relay is allowed to use low conductivity, but it is important to pay attention to the limit voltage, which should not exceed 210 V. The triode can only be installed behind the plate.
It is also worth noting that one converter is required for the controller. The capacitor box is used with two low conductivity filters. The level of output impedance of the element depends on the type of comparator. It is mainly used on a dipole adapter. However, there are impulse analogues.
Assembling a controller with a 166HT1 transistor
Transistors of this series have a conductivity of 400 microns, and they have good sensitivity. To make a controller with your own hands, it is recommended to use a dipole transceiver. However, filters for it are only suitable with a winding. Experts say that the contactor should be installed with an adapter. In this case, a linear component is well suited, andthe nominal voltage in the circuit must be at least 200 V. Thus, the operating frequency of the controller will not fall below 35 Hz.
