Many of us are familiar with such a thing as "nominal voltage". This parameter is indicated on all household appliances. Exceeding or decreasing this value will lead to incorrect operation of the device or its breakdown. Electronic devices are especially sensitive to proper operation. Even a short-term change in power settings can adversely affect their performance. Separately, it is necessary to note the work of production schemes. From a change in the supply voltage, say, during a power failure, the entire technological process may suffer - this will lead to equipment downtime and significant losses for the entire enterprise.
Let's divide all household electrical appliances into several groups. Let's classify according to the degree of possible damage as a result of a change in such a parameter as the rated voltage.
- The most invulnerable in this regard are heating devices: heaters, electric kettles, irons, etc. With a short-term change in the parameters of the supply network, they will begin to give excess power to heat,thus protecting itself from damage. Typically, such devices are designed with a margin for such an indicator as turn-to-turn insulation. If the power regulator in such a device is at the minimum level, then they can withstand prolonged overvoltage. For such a device to fail, the rated voltage must increase significantly.
- Devices that include an asynchronous motor: refrigerators, air conditioners, fans, etc. A short-term increase / decrease in voltage will only lead to a malfunction of the household appliance. But a long-term violation of the operating mode can have sad consequences - the engine will fail, and it will need to be replaced. Rated voltage is a guarantee of normal operation of all consumer devices.
- Electronic appliances: computers, laptops, TVs, etc. Such circuits are the most sensitive - any change in the parameters of the supply network can lead to their failure. Modern devices are designed taking into account possible overvoltage and are equipped with various protection circuits, but their capabilities are also limited, because they consist of the same elements as the main circuit. Protective devices perfectly protect an electronic device from short-term power failures, but can fail during prolonged overvoltage. This will result in the loss of a valuable home appliance.
- Lighting devices: incandescent lamps, powerful LED lamps, fluorescent. Energy-saving devices are more sensitive to overvoltage thantraditional.
As you can see, electrical energy receivers require compliance with the operating standards laid down in them by the project. Motors operating under load are sensitive to a decrease in the rated voltage. A long drawdown can lead to their stop and failure. As for overvoltage in the network, in this case, electronic devices will fail the fastest.
To protect the most critical circuits from such situations, a powerful voltage stabilizer is used in production. Such devices can be used in everyday life. Of course, they are smaller in power and are designed to power household appliances. With their help, it is quite possible to avoid breakage and extend the life of a valuable device.
