The LED matrix is both individual LEDs and LED assemblies made on a group of crystals. Such matrices are widely used in systems for general lighting of objects and premises, roads and facades of houses, they are also used for individual interior lighting, for example, in spotlights. The LED matrix can produce, depending on the purpose, both a directional light flux and a diffuse one.
The need to study the process of connecting high power LED structures, as well as the design and technological problems associated with this process, is currently due to the rapidly growing popularity of these products, and, of course, the influence of this direction on the lighting industry. The reason for such a large impact is a number of advantages that have been achieved as a result of replacing luminescent, vacuum, gas-discharge sources of insolation with modern semiconductor lighting devices. It is no longer a secret to anyone that the use of heavy-duty diodes has significantly reduced the amount of energy consumed, as well as increased the level of reliability, durability and environmental friendliness of light sources.
Due to the above advantages, the development and production of the latest technology in the field of LED equipment today is carried out at a tremendous pace. At the same time, the requirements for the quality of dispersion of the emitted light flux, the luminous power of semiconductor LEDs are constantly growing, which means that the requirements for matrices are also increasing.
The LED matrix is a group of crystals connected according to the mixed principle - parallel-series. The value of the supply voltage and current in LED arrays is slightly higher than the voltage and current of simple LEDs. This is due to the fact that the matrix includes a whole group of semiconductor elements. For efficient and durable operation, the LED matrix must be equipped with a powerful and stable constant current source (or a current source and driver), as well as a heat sink. Most often, an aluminum or copper radiator is used as a heat sink.
As practice shows, powerful LED matrices are gaining more and more popularity these days. After all, these products made it possible to significantly reduce the cost of designing a powerful lamp due to the integration of several crystals into one. Such a combination allowed manufacturers not only to reduce the cost of productionlighting devices, but also significantly improve their quality. This is because the LED matrix circuit has been greatly reduced, and the simpler the circuit, the more reliable it is.
An important parameter of any LED matrix is luminous efficiency. It depends on the quality of the light crystals used. However, it must be understood that even if a high class of crystals is used, the light output of the matrix will be somewhat lower than the total output of the crystals included in the design. This is due to the effect of superposition (mutual absorption) of light radiation, diodes located in close proximity.
