Refrigerating machines are widely used in various industries. They are designed to remove heat from objects whose temperature must be lower than that of the environment. The lowest threshold is minus 150 degrees and the highest threshold is plus 10.
Devices are used for cooling food and liquids (for example, cabinets for shock freezing, chillers). There are plastic cooling equipment used in the chemical industry and other industries.
The principle of operation of devices is not complicated. Refrigerating machines and installations in their work use the principle of a heat pump, which transfers thermal energy from the sender to the heat sink. In most cases, the environment acts as a heat sink.
When it comes to devices that remove heat, the environment is a receiver and performs a cooling function. In this case, the temperature is lowered due to the fact that energy is taken from the cooled body and transferred to the receiving object. Therefore, it is more correctsay that chillers are designed to transfer mechanical or thermal energy, not to cool the system.
The process of energy transfer is made possible by the use of special refrigerants that can boil at negative ambient temperatures.
Refrigerating machines consist of eight main elements, the main of which are the condenser, evaporator and compressor. The first draws in refrigerant vapor at low pressure and temperature. Then, through vapor compression, these indicators increase in it, after which the refrigerant enters the compressor. The most important characteristics of the compressor are the volume of the working refrigerant and the compression ratio. In the condenser, the heated vapors are cooled, as a result of which energy is transferred to the environment (to water or air).
The working medium (liquid or other element), as well as refrigerant vapor, is passed through the evaporator. In addition, the device includes a fan, a flow regulator, a reversing valve and a solenoid valve.
Among all the devices used for refrigeration, refrigerating complete machines are of the greatest interest. This is equipment that is specially selected, taking into account the purpose of its use.
For example, devices for shock freezing of products are used to preserve the consumer properties of goods; devices for cooling liquids intended for chemicalactivities, etc. Such machines are mounted at the location of the refrigerating chamber and can be additionally equipped with various components that expand the functionality of the devices.
Refrigerating machines such as flake ice generators are also in demand. They are used in the meat, fish, bakery and sausage industries. Chambers and cabinets for freezing (shock) allow you to store dumplings, fish, meat, vegetables, berries and fruits.
