Each engine has some characteristics. Some have more, some have less. Everyone knows that a car needs more power for better dynamics, but few people know what engine torque is. In simple terms, this is the moment of force that is applied to the crankshaft in order to turn it in a full turn. It is logical to assume that if this is a force, then it is measured in Nm. Thus, the higher this indicator, the more dynamic the car.
But if the power increases to about 5500-6000 rpm, then the maximum torque of the engine develops at medium speeds. As for diesel engines, this characteristic is seriously superior to gasoline ones, since the compression ratio in them is almost twice as high, therefore, more energy is applied to the piston, which is subsequently transferred to the crankshaft.
Whatever one may say, the most common engine is the "four". Their volume varies, but manufacturers adhere to this particular design, since it is convenient to place it transversely, in addition, itnot as expensive in production as, say, the "six". But the indisputable fact is that an increase in the number of cylinders, without changing other characteristics, leads to a proportional increase in torque. For example, if the torque of an engine that has 4 cylinders and 2 liters of volume is 150 Nm, then increasing the number of cylinders to 6 will raise it to 225 Nm. Naturally, losses due to friction and other external forces must be taken into account, so the net increase is about a third, that is, the end result is 200 Nm.
Torque and power are constantly trying to increase. The easiest way to do this is to reduce the volume of the combustion chamber or otherwise increase the compression ratio. In this case, it is worth remembering the engine stock, because the cylinder head can simply be torn off the studs or mounting bolts.
The second way is to install a crankshaft with a large knee. In this case, the engine speed will drop, in addition, the cylinders also need to be changed, because the piston stroke will change. In fact, this is a simple increase in working volume.
Now, some theory. Let's go back to our increase in the number of cylinders. Why is it so effective? The fact is that in the first case (4) an explosion in the combustion chamber occurs every 180 degrees. This means that the energy of one cylinder is used for the entire length of the piston stroke. In a six-cylinder engine, this explosion occurs every 90 degrees of rotation.crankshaft. In this case, while the piston is half way through, another explosion occurs in another cylinder, now the crankshaft is already rotated by two pistons. When the first reaches bottom dead center, the second will go half way, an explosion will occur in the third, and so on. Obviously, this design is more efficient.
Engine torque is a rather important characteristic that can distinguish the unit from the general range. In conclusion, it is worth adding that larger engines have more torque and more power.
