Networks and communication systems have not just entered our lives tightly. They have penetrated so deeply into it that it is difficult for an ordinary person to imagine the extent of their distribution. What communication networks and switching systems operate and provide data transmission in the modern world, what are their differences, what are the development prospects? This is what we will discuss next.
Types of connection
About what types of communication exist, even a junior student will answer without a hint. However, let's label them. So, at present, humanity uses the following types of communication (I note that we take into account only types that require the use of technology and / or equipment, in other words, telecommunications):
- Telephone (we mean wired telephone lines, landline phones).
- Radio communications, incl. broadcasting.
- Telegraph communication.
- Television.
- Satellite communications.
As for the technical support for the transmission of this or that type of information, this function is taken over bycommunication networks and switching systems. At the same time, communication networks are designed to support the transmission of information in one format or another. Feature
switching networks - to provide communication between specific network subscribers. In other words, it is the switching system that guarantees that when dialing a subscriber's number, the equipment will direct your call to him, and not just “throw” a call into the communication channel. It is the switches that connect computers or telephone subscribers and provide them with this channel for full use for the entire time of communication.
On the territory of our country, the complex of the communication network and switching system is being developed in accordance with state acts and the plan of the VSS (all-linked communication network) of the CIS. The objectives of this network are to ensure the maximum availability of all types of communication for citizens of the Commonwe alth states. The basis of this network is large switching nodes operating in automatic mode and redirecting signals, and electronic computing centers, whose function is to collect and analyze data. The main communication networks and switching systems that support the transmission of information in the VSS:
- Automatic telephone channels.
- Telegraph.
- Networks providing audio broadcasting.
- Fax network.
- Computer and data networks.
- Mobile communication systems.
- TV broadcast network.
- Intradepartmental communication networks.
The main components of the communication network: switching systems, large-scale network of channels (lines),through which data of various types is transmitted, equipment that ensures the reception and correct processing of incoming signals, personnel that maintains operability and troubleshoots certain sections of communication lines.
What are the further prospects for the development of this direction? The plans of the Ministry of Communications are to modernize the telephone network in such a way that its users have access to all the capabilities of mobile systems - text and multimedia messages, the possibility of video calls. Much attention is paid to wireless technologies and alternative methods of communication (the beginning of this is 3G and 4G formats). The future communications project even has a name - NGN. Moreover, some of its functions are already being introduced into existing networks.
