A lot depends on such a parameter as power consumption. After all, these are electric currents permissible in everyday life, and, ultimately, electricity bills. The mode of operation of the entire electrical network depends on the correctly calculated load, so that in case of overvoltage it is not necessary to urgently repair the supply cable or power transformer or change the fuses and reset the protections. When buying a household appliance, pay attention to its power consumption and compare it with the maximum allowable load in your apartment or private house.
First, let's measure the power cable. Usually, an aluminum wire with a cross section of four square millimeters is laid on the apartment. In this case, the circuit breaker is installed with an emergency shutdown setting of 16-20 amperes. This means that if the rated current is exceeded, the power supply will be cut off after a while. This triggers a thermal relay that monitors power consumption. Also, the switch has a cut-off relay that will trip if the rated current is exceeded by 10 or more times. Itfast-acting and designed to protect your electrical wiring from inrush currents or to instantly disconnect from the main network in the event of a short circuit.
Based on this, a preliminary calculation can be made, where the maximum power consumption at which it is possible to operate electrical wiring in a safe mode will be clarified. At a voltage of 220 volts, it is only 4-5 kW. This, of course, is not enough to heat the apartment with the help of electric heaters during the cold period, but it is quite enough for the stable operation of the main household appliances. You can use, for example, an iron, a heater, a refrigerator, a TV and lighting fixtures that are turned on at the same time. But if at the same time you turn on the electric kettle and start using the boiler, then the total power consumption will exceed the allowable one - and a shutdown will occur soon.
You need to know the division of all electrical appliances into the presence and absence of inrush currents. So, heating and lighting devices, a computer, a TV set and all the electronics in the house do not create an additional load on the mains when turned on. The power consumption of a computer is thus constant. A completely different picture can be observed when electrical appliances are connected to the network, which include asynchronous electric motors. These are, for example, refrigerators, air conditioners, an electric drill. When such devices are turned on, significant starting currents occur that exceed the rated currents.device currents by 14 or more times. Turning these units on at the same time will cut off the power supply.
The power consumption of a laptop or any other device equipped with a personal power source has a somewhat different meaning. In this case, the operating time of the device depends on this parameter, since the capacity of the supply battery is limited.
