The concept of "folding" originates from the German language, the word "fold" in translation means "groove", "gutter". The concept has taken root in our language without changes. Folding is used in the manufacture of sheet publications, such as booklets, leaflets or postcards, as well as in the manufacture of full-fledged printed publications such as a catalog or book.
Folding - what is it?
In the topographic business, folding (hereinafter referred to as F.) means folding a sheet with printed text and any required format so that the bend is even, without marriage such as dents, bevels, wrinkles, extra folds, and the like, with a possible subsequent investment into a notebook that will make up something more.
Fold Types
Many types of F. are distinguished by several factors. So:
Depending on the location of individual folds to each other, they can perform perpendicular, parallel and mixed (combined) F., and there is also a symmetrical folding. What's this? Such a bend, when the fold line runs exactly in the middle of the previously folded sheet. As an example, for book products, they mainly usesquare fold type
Depending on the type of fold, as shown in the figure, there are at least twelve different types. For clarity, they are all in the image below
Depending on the number of folds (from one to four, never make more folds), the output is notebooks with four, eight, 16 and 32 pages
This is how, for example, a perpendicular F. will look in one fold (point a), two folds (b), three (c) and four (d).
That is, once bending the sheet, we can get a brochure; twice - booklet; three and four times - notebooks for subsequent collection in thin and thicker printed editions.
There is also such a thing as scoring. Folding is performed on paper whose density does not exceed 170 g/m2. For thicker papers, this type of folding is not suitable, as it can damage the top layer of these materials. Often the damage looks like peeling paint, cracks or creases. That's why they make creasing - they first push the sheet along the line of the future bend for the highest quality of the subsequent F.
It was previously stated that the fold should be even and without marriage. Let's take a closer look.
Folding quality indicators
- The correct sequence of pages (in the case of magazines, books) is the first thing that can be attributed to such indicators. Is it worth itlinger on this, because it is already clear that few people want to read a book in which the pages go out of alignment and randomly.
- The second indicator is the accuracy of the folding. It includes the equality of fields on the villages adjacent to each other, the absence of a cosine. An error is allowed - a deviation of 1.5-2 mm, taking into account the format of the future edition.
- The third indicator may be the density of fit of each individual sheet of notebook to the spine fold. Depending on the degree of compression, the density is determined as the total gap between the bent sheets.
- And the last indicator is visual suitability, that is, the absence of wrinkles, wrinkles, irregularities and other defects.
Folding Methods
For small volumes of work, manual folding is allowed. What it is? Exclusive and rare. Either small runs or complex works are folded by hand, in which the human factor is required. Otherwise, such work is performed by a machine of two types - knife and cassette. The principle of operation is the same for them - the sheet is rolled between the pressure rollers.
There are several differences between these settings. The main difference between these machines is in two parameters - in accuracy (higher for a knife), and speed (higher for a cassette). Need faster - use a cassette installation, accuracy is important - the choice is for a knife one.
Fold drawings
This service is performed for the convenience of transporting the finished drawing sheet or other large format sheets. Correct paper foldingwill keep your work in good condition for much longer, because there will be no crooked creases, unnecessary scuffs, etc. Perform F. drawings for A4 formats, less often - for A3.
You can say in simple words about the "folding" procedure, what is this machine professional folding of sheets. Agree, if you compress yourself at home, the fold can come out a little crooked (“a little” is at best). This procedure is available in almost any printing house, and its cost is calculated according to such items as:
- method of execution (machine, manual);
- kind of bending;
- urgency;
- amount of work and its complexity.
Folding - what is it, why is it needed? Can someone ask and hear a simple answer. This is not only the convenience of transportation, but also a neat, tidy, presentable appearance of your work. For serious organizations, it will be very significant that a person will appear with a job that he treats with all care, this is at least an indicator of accuracy.
