The World Wide Web allows you to find a large number of interpretations of the concepts of "domain", "domain name", "server domain". It is very easy for a beginner to get confused as to which is which. In simple terms, domain informatics defines as a website address, a special zone that has its own unique name. It can be composed of letters, numbers, and hyphens. Length - from 2 to 63 characters. Let's look into everything in more detail.
How does the internet work? Domain: definition
Each individual computer has an IP. It consists of some string of numbers. To find any resource on the Internet, you need to know the address of the server on which it is located.
Several different sites can be on the same server at the same time. To facilitate the search, to make it clearer for people, a domain name system was created (translated from English DNS - Domain Name System). These are programs that convert characters you make up into digital values and vice versa. The memory of the servers contains tables in which each individual address has its own IP. In other words, a domain in computer science is an addressing system.
So you put the resource on the server and bind it to an IP withusing DNS servers. Every time you type in a page address in your browser's search bar, the DNS service understands which numeric value it refers to, as well as which resource you need to show. The science of informatics identifies a domain name with such concepts as "website domain address" and "server domain name". They are equal.
Top-level domain
Any address has several parts, which are separated by dots. They bear the names of domains of different levels, the number of which usually comes down to two or three (otherwise the site may be inconvenient for the user). The rightmost field is the top-level domain (or domain zone).
All such addresses can be conditionally divided into two types:
- National (or geographic). They show which country the domain belongs to (this is in computer science). Example:.ru - Russian Federation,.ua - Ukraine.
- General. They are determined by belonging to a special category. Example:.info - information resource,.biz - site for business,.edu - educational,.com - commercial,.org - non-commercial,.travel - travel.
Second level domain
For example, primer-net.ru has a second-level domain name. As you already know,.ru is the top level address. The name of the resource (example-net) is in the second place from the end of the full name. The main difference between an address is that it must be unique. In other words, there can only be one site on the World Wide Web named primer-net.ru.
You can purchase an address from registrar companies. All second-level domain ownership rights will be granted for a limited time and must be renewed annually.
Third level domain
A three-level domain in computer science is the address that you get if you add a word through a dot before the previous domain (second level). Also called a subdomain. You can register it with companies that have second-level addresses. Its owner can create multiple subdomains. For example, in the primer-net.ru zone, the third-level domain name will be list.primer-net.ru or chat.primer-net.ru.
What is hosting?
Hosting is the place where the resource is physically located. You can buy it from companies that specialize in providing sites. Hosting providers put the site on a server that has all the software necessary for this. Companies usually take care of hosting technical support and server administration.
If you want to buy hosting and a domain, it makes sense to buy them in one place. Quickly solving all the problems associated with the site will allow the fact that the technical support of the resource will be carried out by employees of one company. In addition, if you host with a hosting provider, they may offer a discount on the purchase of a domain or even give it away for free as a gift.
Companies offer many tariffs for sites of any subject and workload, and also registerdomains in different zones. All you have to do is choose a provider, pay a tariff, explore the interface of the hosting provider's website and start using your resource.
How to choose a domain name?
A domain in computer science is much more than just a site identifier. Some popular pages with only one address can tell the user about the subject of the resource, provide him with information about the quality of work and the level of information provided. Beginning site owners make a big mistake by not spending enough time thinking through the address. The visitor can get confused by the variety of typical, similar domain names. Your site must be recognizable.
Thinking about the name, decide on the purpose of the resource. Why are you creating a website? Will it be a personal page or a corporate resource? In the first case, a combination of your first and last name will be enough, in the second case, the name of the company can act as an address. Choose the correct top-level address. If your goods and services are aimed at a Russian buyer, do not register in the.com,.net or.org zone - the information provided on the sites of these domain zones is intended primarily for residents of English-speaking countries.
If the domain name is taken
Many addresses are already taken by numerous companies, a huge number of sites are registered on the network every day, so finding a good domain name is becoming increasingly difficult. If you have chosen the perfect name for a resource, but it is busy, do not rush to sound the alarm.
- Think of another name. Make sure that all letters fit together, avoid discordant combinations. Check that the written English words do not contain errors - this will not benefit your resource. A domain is (in computer science) the calling card of your company.
- Choose a different zone. Most of the most popular addresses on the Russian Internet are in the.ru zone. Check if the domain of your future site is free in other zones. This can be done using the verification and registration service, which can be found on the Web.
- Take a repurchase. Sometimes domains are redeemed, and when you enter the address in the bar, you are redirected to the ISP's website. You can buy a domain. The price depends on the popularity and potential effectiveness of the name.
- Wait until the address becomes free. Sometimes they can be listed on special auctions and marketplaces.
So, a domain in computer science is a unique combination of Latin characters that allows you to find a specific site among a huge number of others. It is the hallmark of the company, determines the activities of the site, and also tells the visitor about the resource. The visitor gets his first impression of the site when he sees the page address.
