The principle of operation of any transformer is based on the phenomenon of self-induction. A step-down transformer is practically no different from a step-up one. It is enough to change the connection method (turn the element over) and a step-up analog will turn out of a step-down one.
In control circuits, transformers are used to organize galvanic isolation, when a phase and a grounded zero come to the input of the device, and a voltage appears at the output without a grounded neutral. This is primarily used to power equipment that runs on logic gates.
There are step-down transformers single-phase, two-phase and three-phase. There are autotransformers and current transformers - all of these types are successfully used in different areas of the energy industry.
Transformer - a device consisting of two windings with a laminated core, which is recruited from electrical steel. If it is necessary to make a conventional galvanic isolation, then these coils must be made with the same number of turns. If you need to make a transformerlowering, the number of turns will be different.
Voltage is applied to the input of the device (in this case, an electromotive force arises in the winding, which generates a magnetic field). This field crosses the turns of the second coil, where its own electromotive force of self-induction arises. In turn, a voltage also arises in the second coil, which will differ from the primary one as many times as the number of turns of both windings differs.
The calculation of the step-down transformer is necessary to understand what the parameters of the device should be. Due to the fact that the EMF of self-induction occurs due to movement, the transformer operates only on alternating voltage. That is why in the household network - only alternating current.
Today, such a variety as a step-down transformer is mainly used. For most often there is a need to convert high voltage to low. They are used in the field of urban electrification (at substations and power plants). Steam turbines and hydroelectric units generate voltage with the expectation of providing energy to a certain area of the city, so it is important to use step-down transformers so that the initial voltage in each of the sections is converted into an acceptable one for domestic needs.
But a step-down transformer is often used at home (to adapt low-voltage devices to a 220 volt network). To this end, they are used in electronics, in power supplies and all kinds of adapters, in stabilizers and otherappliances.
When buying a transformer, it is important to pay attention to the efficiency, power and number of turns of both windings. There are transformers with several outputs (this means that several groups of connections are implemented in the device and, depending on the value of the input and output values, the desired circuit is formed). These are universal transformers. They are a little more expensive, but they are in great demand.
There are transformers for welding. Boosting analogues are used here. This is done in order to create the currents necessary to melt the metal. These devices are also selected according to some parameters. The main one, as you might guess, is the strength of the current.
